Shard data is a research area that focuses on the process of breaking down or dividing large datasets into smaller, more manageable pieces called shards. This allows for more efficient data storage, retrieval, and analysis by distributing the workload across multiple servers or nodes. Shard data systems are commonly used in big data and distributed computing applications to improve scalability, performance, and fault tolerance. Researchers in this area work on developing algorithms, protocols, and systems for sharding data effectively and efficiently.